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永通万国是中国古代钱币的一种，连同布泉、五行大布并称北周三大美泉，是为“北周三品”之首。其铸造工艺不仅在南北朝、乃至世界铸币工艺史上，都达到了一个崭新的高度。

北周静帝宇文阐，大象元年（公元579年）始铸。面文“永通万国”，玉箸篆，“永通”意为永远通行，“万国”示天下万国可用。字廓深峻，形体厚重，钱文和铸工均臻妙境，堪称“北周三品”之首。当时以一枚兑换折一钱五万枚，堪称虚值大钱之冠，民不乐用，流通时间不长。由于实行的虚价货币政策，所以“布泉”“五行大布” “永通万国”三种钱币后来亦逐渐减重。

藏品介绍

中文名称：北周永通万国篆书宽缘大钱

英文名称：North Zhou Yongtong universal Seal script wide margin big money

类别：杂项

规格：一枚

品相：美品

泉界把北周的《布泉》《五行大布》《永通万国》称之为“北周三品”这是从钱币的美术观赏性，铸造工艺水平上来评价的。本人当然可以这样评价：永通万国钱币，综合的展示了中国古代钱币的文化特点：文字精美，工艺精湛，形制多样，当然这是可圈可点的。重要的是《永通万国》钱币，体现了铜本位的思想，它是足值的，有信用的，精美的、方便流通万国的“国际货币”。永通万国钱，北周静帝宇文阐，大象元年（公元579年）始铸。面文“永通万国”，书法为玉簪篆体。“永通”意为永远通行，“万国”示天下万国可用。此钱字廓深峻，形体较厚，钱文和铸工皆为精妙，素有“北周三品”（另两品为“布泉”、“五行大布”）之首誉称。时以一枚兑换折一钱五万枚，堪称虚值大钱之冠，民不乐用，故流通时间不长。

永通万国是中国古代钱币的一种，连同布泉、五行大布并称北周三大美泉，是为“北周三品”之首。其铸造工艺不仅在南北朝、乃至世界铸币工艺史上，都达到了一个崭新的高度。

五行大布的运气却并没有如它的寓意“五行相生相克，繁衍不息”一样平常，仅一年后，因“领土之上，人多盗铸”而榨取五行大布收支关口，布泉也只许进不许出。此段时间正值北周严阵以待、整理军备，欲与北齐决一死战的关键时刻，盗铸之风的盛行给本就因备战而吃紧的北周财政带来了不小的压力，因而只得由朝廷明令榨取。575年，宇文邕第二次伐齐，576年，诛讨吐谷浑，两线作战大大加剧了北周的财政压力，此时的布泉已“渐贱而人不用”，于是这一年的正月，朝廷下令破除布泉，通行近15年之久的北周布泉就此退出了历史舞台。

此阔缘永通万国极为罕见，一般都是细缘永通，而这种篆书十分精美，历经漫长岁月，其字迹依旧十分清晰，钱币无任何瑕疵，没有任何磕碰，残缺，品相完美，而品相往往是钱币收藏的生命，此钱币包浆自然，版本特殊，具有极高的收藏价值。

崇宁重宝，中国古钱币之一。北宋徽宗崇宁年间铸（公元1102年~1106年）。面文“崇宁重宝”隶书对读，古朴方正，多为光背，少数背有星、月、十字等。

崇宁重宝是北宋末年比较重要的钱币之一，也是北宋钱币中版别最多的钱币。据统计，崇宁重宝的版别大概在300多种，每年都有不同版别的崇宁重宝被行家或藏友发现。

不同版别的崇宁重宝放在一起具有极高的收藏和观赏价值。

崇宁重宝系北宋徽宗崇宁年间铸（公元1102年~1106年），币质有铜、铁、银。 崇宁重宝为隶书铜、铁大钱，制作多亦精好，存世较多.

崇宁重宝钱文隶书，古朴方正，严谨庄重，法度固定。有人认为，崇宁重宝钱文也是徽宗所书，另有一说，谓其面文为蔡京所书，但史无定论。

藏品介绍

中文名称：崇宁重宝

英文名称：Chongning heavy treasure,

类别：杂项

规格：一枚

品相：美品

这枚上千年的崇宁重宝，为圆形方孔铜质钱币，大小正确，钱币正面“崇宁重宝”四字隶书对读，字体端庄工整，笔画圆润饱满，挺拔俊秀，此币光背，穿孔干净，钱币整洁，古朴方正，法度固定，严谨庄重，包浆自然古老，此币虽经历了无穷岁月，但纹路依然清晰可见，颇为难得。崇宁年号钱，作为北宋徽宗名泉之一，集书法艺术和铸造艺术于一体，具有重要的史料价值和艺术价值，也越来越为收藏界所重视和关注。

仔细观察这枚钱币，经过时间的洗礼，岁月的冲刷，这枚钱币的颜色已然不同。正面隶书字体，古朴方正，“崇宁重宝”四个繁体字熠熠发光。字里行间留在钱币上的，是腐蚀钱币的绿锈，绿色的锈迹让人一看就知道它的历史年头，绝非后代人工刻制而成。钱币的中央部分，是打孔的正方形图案，这种钱币铸造形状便于老百姓将其串起来挂在身上，不易丢失，背面则没有印制任何的字体。据悉，崇宁重宝有百余种版别，钱币背面有的是花穿、决文记号，也有的是星月纹形状，此钱币背面没有任何特殊的标记，也属罕见版本之一。

说到钱币的历史，公认是由玉璧发展而来的，在没有铜币值钱就是用玉璧来做交易的，而古人认为天是圆的地是方的，所以制作了外圆内圆的玉璧用来礼天，这枚钱币外圆内方象征天地乾坤，既有历史研究价值，也可以驱邪避恶，保平安。

这枚钱币包浆自然，底光柔和，所谓包浆是自然形成的氧化层，也有人为手盘包浆，两者不同，但同时都有保护钱币的功能，有如给钱币镀上一层保护膜，使钱币不再氧化，便于收藏传世，如果觉得钱币脏，可以用清水洗，再用棉布擦干，不要破坏包浆，破坏了包浆就相当于破坏了保护层，更重要的是包浆是鉴定新老钱币最简单有效的方法。细看这枚钱币品相完美，是不可多的收藏级铜币，历经千年字迹依旧清晰可见，实属难得，而且宋代的书法造诣为巅峰时期，其宋代的钱币也具有极大的书法价值，这枚宋钱其蚕头雁尾的隶书十分经典，建议收藏，传世。

英文翻译：Yongtong Wanguo is one of the COINS in ancient China. Together with bu Quan and Wuxing Cloth, it is called the three beautiful springs of Northern Zhou Dynasty and the first of the "three products of Northern Zhou". Its casting technology reached a new height not only in the southern and Northern Dynasties, but also in the history of the world's coin technology.

Yu Wen-Chan, the Jing emperor of the Northern Zhou dynasty, was cast in the first year of the Elephant (579 AD). Article "yong tong" nations and YuZhuZhuan, "yong tong" means forever, "the nations in the world all nations are available. The character outline is deep and steep, the shape is thick, qian Wen and the caster are all perfect, which can be called the first of the "three products of The Northern Zhou Dynasty". At that time, one coin was exchanged for 50,000 pieces of money, which was regarded as the crown of big money with little value. The people were not happy to use it, and the circulation time was not long. As a result of the implementation of the virtual monetary policy, so the "cloth spring", "five elements of the cloth" and "forever through the wanguo" three COINS also gradually reduced weight.

The collection is introduced

North Zhou Yongtong universal seal character wide margin big money

North Zhou Yongtong Universal Seal Script Wide Margin Big Money

Category: Miscellaneous

Specification: one coin

Appearance: Beautiful

In quanjie, "Bu Quan", "Wu Xing Da Bu" and "Yongtong Wanguo" of the Northern Zhou Dynasty are called "Sanpin of the Northern Zhou Dynasty". This is appraised from the artistic appreciation and casting technology level of COINS. I can of course such evaluation: yongtong Wanguo coin, a comprehensive display of the cultural characteristics of ancient Chinese COINS: exquisite text, exquisite workmanship, form and form of diverse, of course, this is commendable. What is important is that the coin of forever Passes through the nations, which embodies the idea of copper standard, is a worthy, trustworthy, exquisite and convenient "international currency" of all nations. Yongwanguo money, The North Zhou Jing Emperor Yu Wen-Chan, elephant first year (AD 579) began to cast. The calligraphy is in the shape of a jade pin or seal. "Yongtong" means to go forever, and "universal" indicates the availability of all nations under heaven. This money word outline is deep and steep, the form is thicker, qian Wen and casting are exquisite, known as the "Three products of the Northern Zhou dynasty" (the other two products are "Cloth spring", "five elements big cloth") the first reputation. When a convertible into a fifty thousand pieces, it can be called the crown of the big money, the people are not happy with, so the circulation time is not long.

Yongtong Wanguo is one of the COINS in ancient China. Together with bu Quan and Wuxing Cloth, it is called the three beautiful springs of Northern Zhou Dynasty and the first of the "three products of Northern Zhou". Its casting technology reached a new height not only in the southern and Northern Dynasties, but also in the history of the world's coin technology.

However, the fortune of wuxing Cloth is not as common as its meaning of "five elements create each other and multiply forever". Only one year later, due to the fact that "more people steal and cast in the territory", the wuxing cloth revenue and consumption pass was extracted, and the cloth spring was allowed to enter and not to leave. During this period, the northern Zhou was in a critical moment when the Northern Zhou was preparing for battle and wanted to fight with the Northern Qi to the death. The prevailing trend of pile-casting brought great pressure to the northern Zhou's finance, which was already tight due to the preparation for war. Therefore, it had to be extracted by the imperial court explicitly. In 575, Yuwenyong attacked The State of Qi for the second time. In 576, he condemned Tuyuhun and greatly intensified the financial pressure of the Northern Zhou. At this time, Bu Quan was "gradually becoming cheap and useless", so in the first month of the same year, the imperial court ordered to destroy Bu Quan, and the Bu Quan of the Northern Zhou, which had been in use for nearly 15 years, withdrew from the historical stage.

The sundown on the nations are extremely rare, are generally fine yong tong, and this kind of seal character is very exquisite, after long years, and still is very clear, the money without any defects, don't have any knock against, disability, quality perfect, the quality of life is often a coin collection, this coin patina nature, special version, has a very high collection value.

Chongning treasure, one of the ancient Chinese COINS. It was cast during the Chongning Reign of Huizong in the Northern Song Dynasty (1102 ~1106 AD). Official script of "Chongning heavy treasure" was read opposite, simple and upright, mostly with light back, a few with star, moon, cross, etc.

Chongning treasure is one of the most important COINS in the northern Song Dynasty. According to statistics, Chongning chongbao edition probably in more than 300 kinds, each year there are different edition chongning chong Treasure experts or friends found.

Chongning different edition of the heavy treasure together with a high collection and ornamental value.

Chongning chongning treasure is the Northern Song Dynasty Emperor Huizong Chongning cast (AD 1102 ~1106), COINS are copper, iron, silver. Chongning heavy treasure for official script copper, iron big money, making more also fine, there are more.

Chongning heavy treasure money clerical script, simple and upright, rigorous solemn, the law fixed. Some people believe that chongning's emphasis on qianwen is also the writings of Huizong, and some say that its writings were written by CAI Jing, but there is no conclusion in history.

The collection is introduced

Chinese name: Chong Bao Chong Ning

Chongning Heavy Treasure,

Category: Miscellaneous

Specification: one coin

Appearance: Beautiful

This thousands of years of tang ning heavy treasure, for round square hole copper coin, size is correct, positive "ning bao" COINS official script to read four word, font dignified neat, stroke plump, tall and handsome, this money back light, perforated clean, COINS and tidy, of primitive simplicity, founder testimonies fixed, rigorous solemn, natural old wrapped slurry, the currency has undergone the endless years, but the lines are still clear, very rare. Chongning, as one of the famous springs of Huizong in the Northern Song Dynasty, has an important historical value and artistic value, and has been paid more and more attention to by collectors.

Careful observation of this coin, after the baptism of time, the erosion of the years, the color of this coin has changed. Front clerical script font, simple and square, "Chongning heavy treasure" four traditional characters shining. What remained on the coin between the lines was the green rust that had corroded the coin. The green rust made it clear at first glance that it was not made by hand by later generations. The central part of the coin was a square with holes punched in it. The coin was cast in a shape that made it easy for people to string it up and hang it on their bodies without losing it. It is reported that Chongning treasure has more than one hundred kinds of edition, coin back is a lot of flowers wear, text mark, also a lot of star and moon grain shape, this coin back without any special mark, is also a rare version of one.

Said to the coin of history, is recognized by the developed jade, in the absence of copper coin is worth to do deals with jade, and the ancients think day is round the ground is square, so make the outside circle within a circle of jade to day, the coin inside the cylindrical side symbol of heaven and earth, both historical research value, can also be evil evil, to be safe.

This coin patina nature, the bottom light is downy, so-called wrapped slurry is a natural formation of the oxide layer, also some people to hand wrapped slurry, the two different, but at the same time have to protect the function of money, like a plated coin on a layer of protective film, make money no longer oxidation, facilitate collection handed down from ancient times, if feel money is dirty, can wash, reoccupy cloth wipe, do not destroy the wrapped slurry, destroyed the wrapped slurry is equivalent to destroy the protective layer, more important is the wrapped slurry is the most simple and effective method for identification of new and old COINS. Moreover, the calligraphy of the Song Dynasty was at its peak, and the COINS of the Song Dynasty also had great calligraphy value. The official script of the silkworm head and goose tail of this Song Dynasty money is very classic, so it is suggested to collect and pass down from generation to generation.